My research focuses on issues related to social identity, stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination. I explore how attitudes and beliefs about self and social groups operate outside of conscious awareness or control. For example, some of my work reveals that ethnic minorities (African, Asian, Latino, or Native Americans) are implicitly conceived of as being less American than White/European Americans. I am also investigating the influence of socio-cultural realities on the implicit academic self-concept of underrepresented groups. Finally, I conduct research on emotional responses occurring in intergroup contexts.